Apparatus for engraving and copying particularly suitable for center lathes



17, 1967 G. SERAFINO 3,293,262

APPARATUS FOR ENGRAVING AND COPYING PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR CENTERLATHES Filed July 26, 1965 INVENTOR G 1 USE PP E 65R A w ATTORNEY UnitedStates Patent Ofifice 3,Z9&,Z6Z

Patented Jan. 17, 1M5? r 3,298,262 APPARATUS FOR ENGRAVING AND COPYINGPARTHCULARLY SUITABLE FOR CENTER LATHES Giuseppe Serafino, 48 StradaMongreno, Turin, Italy FiledJuly 26, 1965, Ser. No. 474,635 Claimspriority, application Italy, Dec. 30, 1964,

28,115/ 64 3 Claims. (Cl. 82-14) The present invention has as its objectan apparatus for engraving and copying, particularly suitable for centerlathes, especially on the transverse saddle, consisting essentially of aU-shaped slide, which runs along the saddle, To the slide there is fixedan apron on which is hinged or pivotally connected one vertex of afirst, jointed, parallelogram, in an oblique position, the oppositeshort side of which is extended and has hinged at its end a bar whichcarries the tracer and which constitutes one long side of a secondparallelogram, nearly parallel to the axis of the lathe and situatedunder the first. At the ends of the other long side are hinged thevertices of a pair of angle levers, of equal length, one arm of eachlever constituting a short side of the second parallelogram and havinghinged at its end an end of the long side on which is mounted thetracer; the other two arms are hinged to a tool-carrying slide whichruns longitudinally along the first U-shaped slide, which, in its turn,runs at right angles along the aforesaid tool-carrying slide andtogether with it when the whole assembly is set in movement by thesecond parallelogram, and therefore by the tracer, in such a way as toallow the working of pieces with any outline whatever, particularlyundercuts, or pieces in identical series.

The essential characteristic of the invention consists therefore in thecombination of two jointed parallelograms with two slides each moving atright angles with respect to the other, the first parallelogramreceiving the motion of the second by means of the extended short sideof the first, which crosses obliquely the second parallelogram and isthen hinged to the long side which carries the tracer, while to one endof the said side there is attached the control handgrip which governsthe various movements back and forth above the model without in any wayinterfering with the sight of the model itself or of the piece to beworked on.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the tool-carryingslide carries, as a projection, a small rest, with a revolving headdesigned to guide and hold in any desired position the long side of thefirst parallelogram, namely that attached to the slide so as to allowthe longi tudinal movement of the latter; the size-ratio between themodel and the piece to be fashioned is established by the controllableshifting of the short sides with respect to the long sides and by thecontrollable shifting of the long side of the first parallelogram withrespect to the small rest.

Other particulars and advantages of the invention will appear in thecourse of the following description which, together with the attacheddrawing which is presented as a schematic example and not as limitingthe invention, will readily make clear how the present invention can beput into practice, it being understood, of course, that both theparticulars occurring in the text as well as those in the design formpart of the invention.

The single figure shows the apparatus for engraving and copying as seenin plan from above.

Leaving aside parts already well-known, the apparatus is composed of aslide 1, which is U shaped and runs along the transverse saddle 2, andan apron 3 fixed to it, on which there is hinged the vertex 4 of ajointed parallelogram 5, situated on the said apron 3 in an obliqueposition. The opposing short side 6 of the parallelogram 5 is extendedinto 7 and at its end there is hinged at 8 a bar 9 on which is fixed, ina controllable position, a tracer 10 which constitutes one long side ofa second parallelogram 11 which is positioned with its long sides almostparallel to the axis of the lathe.

The said parallelogram 11, which is situated under the extension 7, atthe ends of its other long side 9', carries two hinged vertices 12, 13of two angle levers, of equal length, one arm of each lever constitutinga short side 14, 15 of the second parallelogram 11 and having hinged atits end an end of the aforesaid long side 9 which carries the tracer 10.The other two arms 18, 19 of the said angle levers are in their turnhinged at 20, 21 to a slide 22 which bears at one of its ends atool-carrier 23. The said slide 22 runs longitudinally along theU-shaped first slide (which, in its turn runs at right angles to themotion of the slide 22 and together with it when the whole assembly isset in motion by the second parallelogram 11, and therefore by thetracer 10) in such a way as to allow the working of pieces with anyoutline whatever, particularly undercuts, or pieces in identical series.

The tool-carrying slide 22 carries, as a projection, a small rest 24,with a revolving head 25 designed to guide and hold in any desiredposition the long side 26 of the first parallelogram 5.

The size-ratio between the model 27 and the piece 28 upon which the workis to be done is established by the controllable shifting of the shortsides 29 and 6 with respect to the long sides 26 and 30, as well as bythe shifting of the long side 26 with respect to the small rest 24. Ifnecessary, the vertices 4 and 31 of the parallelogram 5 can be arrangedin such a way as to be able to slide, guided and fixed in any desiredposition, in the same way as the head 25 of the small rest 24.

The apparatus, according to the invention, has been shown in practice tobe very sensitive, precise and efficient, and to allow the manufactureof a machine part which conforms, with maximum precision, to the shapeof the model or template.

It is obvious that although the apparatus has been described andillustrated as being applied to center lathes, it can be convenientlyfitted to other types of machine tool without, however going outside theambit of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. Apparatus for engraving and copying and being particularly suitablefor application to the transverse saddle of center lathes comprising, afirst slide which moves along the transverse saddle of the lathe, anapron connected to said first slide, a first jointed parallelogramhaving one vertex pivotally connected to said apron and having anextended short side remote from said vertex, a tracing element, a barsupporting said tracing element and being pivotally connected at the endof said extended side, said bar comprising a long side of a secondjointed parallelogram whose long sides are nearly parallel to the axisof the lathe, a pair of angle levers of equal length having theirvertices pivotally connected to the respective ends of the opposite longside of said second parallelogram, one arm of each lever comprising theshort side of said second parallelogram and being pivotally connected atone end to a respective end of said bar comprising said long side ofsaid first parallelogram, a toolcarrying slide which runs longitudinallyalong said first slide, the other end of each angle lever beingpivotally connected to said tool-carrying slide, said first slide movingat right angles to and with said tool-carrying slide.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that thetool-carrying slide carries, as a projection, a small rest with arevolving head designed to guide and hold in any desired position thelong side of the first parallelogram, namely that attached to the slideso as to allow the longitudinal movement of the latter, the size-ratiobetween the model and the piece to be fashioned being established by thecontrollable shifting of the short sides with respect to the long sidesof said first parallelogram and by the controllable shifting of the longside of the first parallelogram with respect to the small rest.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that saidfirst slide which is capable of movement transverse to the axis of thelathe has the form of a U, said tool-carrying slide being connected tothe lower part of the U-shaped slide to permit said tool-carrying slideto move at right angles to said U-shaped slide.

References Cited by the Examiner 10 WILLIAM W. DYER, JR., PrimaryExaminer.

G. A. DOST, Examiner.

1. APPARATUS FOR ENGRAVING AND COPYING AND BEING PARTICULARLY SUITABLEFOR APPLICATION TO THE TRANSVERSE SADDLE OF CENTER LATHES COMPRISING, AFIRST SLIDE WHICH MOVES ALONG THE TRANSVERSE SADDLE OF THE LATHE, ANAPRON CONNECTED TO SAID FIRST SLIDE, A FIRST JOINTED PARALLELOGRAMHAVING ONE VERTEX PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO SAID APRON AND HAVING ANEXTENDED SHORT SIDE REMOTE FROM SAID VERTEX, A TRACING ELEMENT, A BARSUPPORTING SAID TRACING ELEMENT AND BEING PIVOTALLY CONNECTED AT THE ENDOF SAID EXTENDED SIDE, SAID BAR COMPRISING A LONG SIDE OF A SECONDJOINTED PARALLELOGRAM WHOSE LONG SIDES ARE NEARLY PARALLEL TO THE AXISOF THE LATHE, A PAIR OF ANGLE LEVERS OF EQUAL LENGTH HAVING THEIRVERTICES PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO THE RESPECTIVE ENDS OF THE OPPOSITE LONGSIDE OF SAID SECOND PARALLELOGRAM, ONE ARM OF EACH LEVER COMPRISING THESHORT SIDE OF SAID SECOND PARALLELOGRAM AND BEING PIVOTALLY CONNECTED ATONE END TO A RESPECTIVE END OF SAID BAR COMPRISING SAID LONG SIDE OFSAID FIRST PARALLELOGRAM, A TOOLCARRYING SLIDE WHICH RUNS LONGITUDINALLYALONG SAID FIRST SLIDE, THE OTHER END OF EACH ANGLE LEVER BEINGPIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO SAID TOOL-CARRYING SLIDE, SAID FIRST SLIDE MOVINGAT RIGHT ANGLES TO AND WITH SAID TOOL-CARRYING SLIDE.